How to support individuals with dyslexia

What is dyslexia?

Dyslexia is a learning difference that affects how the brain processes written information, making tasks like reading, writing, memorising, and spelling more challenging. It’s important to remember that dyslexia is not a reflection of intelligence—people with dyslexia simply process written information differently.

Who does dyslexia affect?

Dyslexia can affect anyone, regardless of gender, age, or race. According to the NHS, approximately 1 in 10 people have dyslexia. It can present differently in adults and children, but the impact is similar across all age groups.

Recognising dyslexia

Signs of dyslexia in children

Difficulty learning letter sounds and confusing similar-looking or sounding letters (e.g., b, p, d).
Taking longer to write or avoiding writing tasks, often asking for help frequently.
Handwriting may be messy, small, or slanted.
Struggling to understand rhymes or play rhyming games.
Inability to recite the alphabet or the days of the week in order.

Signs of dyslexia in adults

Reading: Avoids reading aloud, prefers audio or visual information, or repeats sections when reading to grasp meaning.
Speaking: Mispronounces words (e.g., names, addresses), hesitates when reading aloud, stutters, or mumbles.
Writing: Handwriting is messy, writing is slower, and there may be inconsistent spelling (e.g., spelling the same word differently).
Memory & Processing: Struggles with multi-step instructions, forgetfulness with names, dates, and numbers. Often prefers creative, visual, or audio activities like painting or music.

Strengths of people with dyslexia

Dyslexia isn’t just about challenges—it can bring unique strengths, including:

Creative Thinking: People with dyslexia often excel at out-of-the-box problem-solving.
Visual and Artistic Talents: Enhanced abilities in fields like painting, design, or dance.
Strong Analytical Skills: Some individuals are skilled at logical thinking or excel in subjects like mathematics.

How to screen for dyslexia

If dyslexia is interfering with daily life, getting a formal diagnosis can help access appropriate support. Screenings are widely available online, often at low cost. However, the NHS does not currently offer dyslexia screening.

Screening can lead to helpful adjustments, such as assistive technologies or changes to visual formats like screen colour or font style, making reading more accessible

Useful Resources for Dyslexia Screening: